Ralph Waldo Emerson 生平介绍、著作、评价影响等.ppt

Ralph Waldo Emerson（1803——1882） American lecturer, poet, essayist and philosopher, best remembered for leading the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century, Emerson’s Early Life In 1803 in Boston, MA. Born on Election Day Born on the same street as the birth home of Benjamin Franklin. Father was a famous minister who encouraged young Ralph to pursue philosophy at a young age. Early Trials In 1811, when he was 8 his father passed away and Emerson is left to support his four other brothers. In 1817, when he was 14, he went to Harvard. Despite the hardships, all the Emerson boys, except one, graduated from Harvard University. Ralph was asked to share a coat with his brother to save finances. His career In 1821, after Harvard, Emerson assisted his brother in a school for young women established in their mother’s house. In 1829, he was appointed as a junior pastor(青年牧师) by Boston’s Second Church. Transcendentalism In 1832, he abandoned Unitarianism and went to Europe where he met poets Samuel Taylor Loleridge and William Wordsworth who introduced him to Romantic notions of nature and philosophy.In 1835, he founded a Transcendentalists Club and published a journal Late Life and Death Upset in the 1860s by the coming Civil War, he lived a quiet life with his family. His house burnt to the ground in 1872. Died on April 27th, 1882. Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) The British critic Matthew Arnold said the most important writings in English in the 19th century had been Wordsworths poems and Emersons essays. major work Nature 《论自然》1836 The American Scholar《论美国学者》1837 Self reliance 《论自立》1841 The Over-soul 《论超灵》1841 Representative Men 《代表人物》1850 English Traits 《英国人的特性》1856 Comments Former U.S. Present Lincoln called him “the American Confucius(美国的孔子)”，“the father of American civilizations”. A great prose-poet, Emerson influenced a long line of American poets, including Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Edwin Arlington Robinson, Wallace Stevens, Hart