GPS-RTK定位测量的检测方法.doc

本科学生毕业论文 GPS-RTK定位测量的检测方法 黑 龙 江 工 程 学 院 二○一一年六月 The Graduation Design for Bachelors Degree The test methods of GPS - RTK positioning measurement Heilongjiang Institute of Technology 2011-06·Harbin  摘 要 GPS RTK技术具有实时、定位精度高、操作简便等特点，被广泛地应用于地形图测绘，海上沉桩定位，碎部测量，像片控制测量等测量领域；随着RTK技术的不断完善，RTK测量的初始化速度、成果精度及可靠性会越来越高．但是就目前来说，由于受卫星信号、接收机状态、测站周围环境及仪器操作的影响，RTK定位有时会出现失真，其成果不可能百分之百的可靠，因此其观测成果的精度和可靠性一直是人们讨论的焦点，为了将RTK更好地服务于测绘工程，有必要对RTK的定位测量精度进行研究和分析。 本文结合已有的GPS控制点和图根点，应用多种不同方法对对正常情况下RTK定位测量成果进行检测分析，并对1.RTK测量坐标与全站仪测量坐标比较2.RTK测量坐标与已知点坐标比较3.RTK测量坐标两次进行比较4.RTK测量坐标反算边长与已知边长（或测距仪测量）比较5.RTK测量坐标反算角度与已知角度（或经纬仪测量）比较6.RTK测量坐标反算方位角与已知方位角比较 六种测量方法进行分析比较得出RTK检测的可行性方法。这些结论可为生产单位提供参考，对RTK工程应用有一定的意义。 本文研究的对GPS-RTK测量进行检测在工程应用中是非常重要的，因此对测量结果进行检测与分析是很有必要的，通过几种检测方法从中得到一些有益的结论，能对RTK的应用有所裨益，从而更好地为工程测量服务，因此对GPS RTK定位测量的检测与分析，对工程应用具有一定的意义。 关键词：GPS-RTK、定位测量、检测方法 ABSTRACT With characteristics of real-time, high-precision positioning, easy to operate, GPS RTK technology has been widely used in the field of survey, such as terrain mapping, marinepiling positioning, detailed survey, photograph control survey and so on. With the improvement of RTK tech, the initialization speed, result accuracy and reliability of RTK survey will be higher and higher. Because of the effects of satellite signal, receiver condition, environment of the survey and instrument operation, sometimes RTK positioning will be distorted and the results are not completely reliable. In addition, without necessary check conditions in RTK survey, precision and reliability of the survey results have always been the focus of discussion. In order to further apply RTK to the field of mapping, it is necessary to study RTK survey results. This combined with existing GPS control points and Mapping Points, appl-y a variety of different methods in normal circumstances RTK positioning sur-vey results were detected and analyzed, and coordinate with the Total Stationsu-rvey 1. RTK coordinate measurement compared 2. RTK coordinate measurem-ent points