软件工程复习资料_英文.doc
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Lecture 1 An Introduction to Software Engineering
1 what does software engineering concern?
Software engineering is concerned with theories, methods and tools for professional software development.
Software engineering is concerned with cost-effective software development.
2 What is software?
Software includes:
① computer programs
② data structures
③ documents
3 What is the two types of software products
Generic software(通用软件) and
custom software(定制软件)
4 The three key elements of a successful software project are:
on time, within budget, satisfies the user’s needs
5 Generic activities in all software processes are:
Specification(描述)
, Development(开发)
, Validation(有效性验证)
, Evolution(进化)
6 The attributes of good software include:
Maintainability(可维护性), Dependability(可依赖性), Efficiency(有效性), Acceptability(可接受性)
Lecture 2 Software Processes
1 What is a software process model
A software process model is an abstract representation of a software process. It presents a description of a process from some particular perspective.
2 Draw the graphic presentation of Waterfall model and describe its character.
这种模型把软件过程划分成几个顺序的阶段。阶段间具有依赖性,前一个阶段结束,后一个阶段才能开始;
这种模型很难对用户变更做出调整,只适用于需求非常清楚和需求变更被严格限制的情况下。
3 Describe the basic principle of evolutionary development and its two types
进化式开发的基本思想是先开发一个原型给用户使用,通过用户反馈意见来不断修改系统直到最后成熟,所以又被称作快速原型开发方法。它不主张将描述、开发和有效性验证等活动分开进行,而是让这些活动迭代执行,同时让这些活动能得到快速的反馈信息。
进化式开发有两种基本类型:探索式开发和抛弃式原型法。
4 Draw the graphic presentation of incremental delivery and describe its character
在这种开发方式中,系统不是作为一个整体交付,而是被分解成若干个增量,每个增量交付系统的部分功能。用户的需求按优先级排队,优先级最高的需求被放入最早交付的增量中。这样,优先级最高的系统功能就得到最多的测试,系统的可靠性较高。
5 Describe the characters of Spiral development.
(对照模型去理解)
1) Process is represented as a spiral rather than as a sequence of activities with backtracking.
2) Each loop in the spiral represents a phase in the process.
3) No fixed phases such as specification or design - loops in the spiral are chosen depending on what is required.
4) Ris
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