本科毕业设计(论文)--基于单片机的温控器的研究.doc

PAGE **大学本科学生毕业设计（论文） 基于单片机的温控器的研究 学 生： 学 号： 指导教师： 助理指导教师： 专 业： 二OO八年六月 Graduation Design(Thesis) of ** University The Research of a Temperature-Control System based on the single-chip Undergraduate: Supervisor: Prof. Assistant Supervisor : Major: XXXXXXXX *******University June 2008 PAGE 14 摘 要 自动控制仪器仪表总的发展趋势是高性能、数字化、集成化、智能化和网络化。智能温度控制系统的设计是为了满足市场对成本低、性能稳定、可远程监测、控制现场温度的需求而做的课题，具有较为广阔的市场前景。 本文研究的温度控制仪采用的是半导体制冷。半导体制冷是利用帕尔帖效应进行温度控制，它具有体积小、重量轻、寿命长、无噪音、无机械运动、加热制冷灵活迅速、温控精度高、不需制冷剂，对环境无污染等优点。 本文首先根据半导体制冷器（TEC）的物理特性分析了半导体制冷技术的关键，给出了系统的总体设计方案。整个系统采用闭环控制结构，使系统的抗干扰能力大大增强；为半导体制冷器量身定做的驱动电路，可以方便的调节通过TEC电流的大小和方向，使TEC加热制冷灵活迅速的特点得到充分发挥；使用比例积分（PI）的控制方法使得温度控制快速稳定；同时，温控仪与上位机通过USB口进行通讯，实现了上位机对温控仪的远程控制。 关键词：温度控制，帕尔帖效应，半导体制冷器，USB通讯 Abstract The trend of the development of instruments, including the temperature measuring equipment, is well-performed, digitized, integrated, intelligent and networked. The design of the temperature control system is to meet the demand of the market, which asks for low cost, stable performance, remote monitor capability. The product has a broader prospect on the market. The semi-conductor temperature control equipment, which is examined in this paper,adopts the method of refrigerating with the semi-conductor.Refrigerating with the semi-conductor is a temperature control technique utilizing the Peltier Effect, with the advantages of little cubage, light weight,long life-span, no noise disturbance,no engine movement. It is refrigerating and heating very swiftly and quickly. The precision of the temperature control is pretty high,and there is no need for refrigerator, making no harm to the environment either. This paper first analyzes the key techniques of the semi-conductor technology according to the physical features of the Thermoelectric cooler （TEC）, and then provides the overall blue-print design of this system. The system adopts the closed-loop controlling system,which greatly strengthens the ability of distu