2025年上外MTI考研真题深度解析与高频考点汇总.docx

I.Cloze.(共15个空，一空两分，共30分)

卷子上的标題是Here’swhythe?“Americancentury”?willsurviveriseofChina

TheAmericancenturywillsurvivetheriseofChina

JosephNye??March25,

EntropyisagreaterchallengethanChinesegrowth,writesJosephNye

In1941TimeeditorHenryLuceproclaimed?“theAmericancentury”.Somenowseethiscomingtoanendas?1.??ofthenation’seconomicandpoliticaldecline.ManypointtotheexampleofUSfailuretoconvinceitsalliestostayoutoftheAsianInfrastructureInvestmentBank,Beijing’srivaltotheWorldBank;butthiswas?2.?anexampleofafaultydecisionthanevidenceofdecline,whichraisesthequestionofwhatisthenaturallifecycleofanation.

Acenturyisgenerallythelimitforahumanorganismbutcountriesaresocialconstructs.Romedidnotcollapseuntilmorethanthreecenturiesafteritreacheditsapogeeofpowerin117AD.AfterAmericanindependencein1776HoraceWalpole,theBritishpolitician,lamentedthathisnationhadbeenreducedtothelevelofSardinia,justasBritainwasabouttoentertheindustrialrevolutionthat?3.??itssecondcenturyasaglobalpower.

AnyeffortatassessingAmericanpowerinthecomingdecadesshould?4.?howmanyearliereffortshavebeenwideofthemark.Itischasteningtorememberhowwildly?5.?USestimatesofSovietpowerinthe1970sandofJapanesepowerinthe1980swere.TodaysomeseetheChineseas10fttallandproclaimthis“theChinesecentury”.

China’ssizeandrelativelyrapideconomicgrowthwillbringitclosertotheUSintermsofitspowerresourcesinthenextfewdecades.ButthisdoesnotnecessarilymeanitwillsurpasstheUSinmilitary,economicandsoftpower.

6.??Chinasuffersnobigdomesticpoliticalsetback,manyprojectionsaresimplelinearextrapolationsofgrowthratesthatarelikelytoslowinthefuture.?7.,?economicprojectionsareonedimensional.TheyignoreUSmilitaryandsoftpoweradvantages,suchasthedesireo