2021年度自考英语二课文中英文对照.doc

第1课Text A Text A Critical Reading Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying，and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader. 批判性地阅读 批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一种观点或试图陈述一种说法纪实类写作。批判性阅读是积极阅读。它不但仅涉及理解作者说了些什么，还涉及质疑和评价作者话，并对此形成自己观点。成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到如下几点。 Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than (=from) yours. Or，you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. In either case，you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author. 　　考虑写作背景。你所读也许是与你有不同文化背景人所写，或者是与你有不同步代背景人近年此前所写。无论哪种状况，你都必要注意并考虑你价值观和态度与作者所代表价值观和态度有何不同。 Question assertions made by the author. Dont accept what is written at face value(完全地，以面值/表象). Before accepting what is written，be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. Look for facts，examples，and statistics that provide support. Also，look to see if (=whether) the author has integrated the work of authorities. 　　质疑作者论点。不要轻信作品表面意思。在接受作者观点前，一方面要拟定作者作出每一种论点均有足够论据支持。找出能支持该论点事实、实例、和数据。此外，注意作者与否参照了权威著作。 Compare what is written with other written work on the subject. Look to see that what is written is consistent with what others have written about the subject. If there are inconsistencies，carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies. 　　与同主题文章进行比较。查看该作者文章与其她作者关于同一主题文章与否有一致性。如果存在不一致性，对不一致地方背后论据支持要进行仔细甄别。 Analyze assumptions made by the author. Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make assertions. In many cases，the authors assumptions are not